Acetyl- L-Tyrosine occurs naturally in the body. This amino acid plays a pivotal role in assisting the body in developing chemicals such as dopamine. Without this, the body can have adverse effects culminating in a sense of sadness, depression, anxiety and an inability to concentrate. Most over the counter supplements that are intended to help boost the body’s naturally occurring processes also include sorbitol, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, modified cellulose gum and colloidal silicon dioxide. This supplement is ideal for vegetarian and vegan users as it contains no animal products. There may be adverse interactions with MAO inhibitor drugs and this should not be used if pregnant or nursing.

Butylene Glycol

C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is a common ingredient in personal care products. It is a very effective skin conditioning agent. C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate, which is the ester of benzoic acid and C12-15 Alcohols (q.v.), is also capable of preventing the growth of microorganisms that cause different diseases. It can be used as a facial moisturizer and also for sunscreen protection. Being an excellent moisturizer, C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate helps in nourishing skin and giving it a new radiant glow. Its application keeps the skin soft and healthy. It also is an effective anti-agent agent. C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate is also used in antiperspirants and deodorants.

Caprylic/capric Triglyceride is a highly refined medium chain triglyceride or MCT. It is a combination of caprilic and capric acids, forming a triester. It’s compound enables it to withstand oxidation, giving it an almost indefinite shelf life. Capric Acid commonly extracted in coconut oil. Caprylic/capric triglyceride is commonly found in vitamins because it is effective as a dispersing agent, also it is often used in soap making and other skin care products. Caprylic/capric triglyceride is quickly absorbed by the skin. It is often used as an emollient and lotion. Caprylic acid is known to have anti-bacterial properties while capric acid has anti-fungal properties. Aside from the mentioned benefits from caprilic/capric triglyceride, it also aids in weight loss and lowering cholesterol level because Caprylic/capric Triglyceride fatty acids are rapidly absorbed and burned by the body to be used as energy.

Carbomer is a generic name given to the synthetic polymers of acrylic acid. Chemically they are homopolymers of acrylic acid which are crosslink with an allyl ether pentaerythritol. Allyl ether may be extracted from sucrose or propylene sources. . Acrylic acid polymers should be handled with care as they are irritating and corrosive to the skin and the respiratory tract. Eye contact may result in severe and irreversible injury. Carbomers are used widely in the manufacture of medicine, thickening agents and as emulsion stabilizers. They are also used in cosmetic industry as stabilizers in manufacture of many skin care products.

Cetyl Alcohol is a fatty alcohol with a waxy texture. It was originally derived from sperm whale oil, thus, the name “Cetyl”. It is also known as 1-hexadecanol and palmityl alcohol. It is often used in shampoos, creams, lotions and other beauty products. Cetyl alcohol is used as emulsifier, lubricant, emollient or skin softener and thickening agents. Its waxy texture is ideal for use of conditioner and shampoos to cover the hair with waxy and lustrous texture. It is also commonly used in lotions because it allows the products to spread onto the skin. Cetyl alcohol can be found from the end-products of petroleum, or from vegetable oils.

Diazolidinyl Urea is a compound that acts as a preservative by release of formaldehydes. It is produced by reaction of allantoin with formaldehyde in the presence of sodium hydroxide solution. Its chemical formula is C8H14N4O7 and Mol. Mass is 278.22 g/mol. Diazolidinyl urea is an antimicrobial preservative. It is used in wide range of cosmetic and skin care products as a preservative. Diazolidinyl urea is also used in the manufacture of shampoo, conditioner, baby wipes and household detergents. Some people can have contact allergy with Diazolidinyl urea causing dermatitis. Generally the people who have allergy to imidazolidinyl urea also have allergy to Diazolidinyl urea.

Dimethicone belongs to a group of compounds which are commonly referred to as silicones. It is also known as Polydimethylsiloxane. Its chemical formula is (C2H6OSi) n and density is 965 kg m-3 .Dimethicone is used as a component in silicone grease. Its number as a food additive is E900. It is used as an anti-foaming agent and an anti-caking agent in many food products. It is believed that dimethicone can be used in the treatment of head lice. It is also present as an active ingredient in most of the cosmetic products for skin protection. Dimethicone is used in analytical chemistry as a component of some types of SPME fibers.

Glycerine is a viscous and colorless liquid used in various pharmaceutical formulations. It is a chemical compound having three hydrophilic hydroxyl groups that are responsible for the solubility of Glycerine in water. Also known as glycerol, its supplements are extremely beneficial in enhancement of energy. It not only helps to build endurance but also triggers weight loss. Glycerine can burn and reduce the extra fat which gets accumulated in human body. You can find Glycerine supplements anywhere in the market. If you consume it with water, it can enhance the hydration process inside the cells, due to which tissues remain hydrated even when you are working out. Your body weight will determine the amount of glycerol you can take. For instance, if you are 125 lbs, you can take 25 to 30 ml per day.

Glycerol Stearate is a fatty compound made up of the esters of fatty acids and glycerol. It is also sometimes knows as GMS or Glyceryl monostearate. It is often used as emulsifier, emulsion stabilizer, viscosity builder and emollient in lotions. It is an important component in soap making. In a wide range of cosmetics, it is used for opacifying and pearlizing agents. It is also non-toxic and does not cause irritation on the skin and eyes. Because it is easily dispersible in water and is soluble in oil and in alcohol, it is ideal for use in cosmetics and perfumes. It has moisturizing property. It is commonly used for the treatment of Eczema.

Isopropyl Palmitate is obtained from Isopropyl alcohol, which is a synthetic alcohol, and a fatty palm oil acid, called Palmatic fatty acid. It is an odorless and a colorless liquid. It is found safe as a cosmetic component by the CIR (Cosmetic Ingredient Reviews) Expert Panel. It is used in cosmetic field as an emollient and a thickening agent. It is generally used in moisturizers because it forms a thin layer, and is easily absorbed by the skin. It is derived from palmitic acid in coconut oil. It is believed that it also enhances the softness of skin and hair.

L-Alanine is considered as a supplementary amino acid. The presence of carbon atom in its composition leads to the formation of L alanine, which is organic in nature. The best sources of L-alanine would be fish, beef, pork and poultry. The various protein sources which are animal based would consist of a good amount of l-alanine. The alanine levels increases with the contraction of muscles in the body. L- alanine is used by the body to build proteins. It also helps in the transfer of nitrogen from the tissues in our body. It helps to draw blood sugar and hence acts as a good energy resource producer. This would be best suited for those who want a reduction in extra body fat.

L-Arginine Monohydrochloride is a combination of essential amino acid, L-Arginine, and Hydrochloride. It is commonly used for treating and preventing hypertension. It helps synthesize Nitric Oxide in the body that causes the arteries to expand and contract with each heartbeat. It also promotes the production of growth hormones, which is also important in muscle building. It also maintains the acidity of the system that results in enhanced endurance. This helps in alleviating hypertension. It helps in maintaining the blood pressure. It also helps in healing and repairing damaged bones and tissues. Muscle tissue is sometimes damaged after a heavy workout, this particularly benefits athletes who are involves with strenuous exercises.

L-Aspartic Acid is a proteinogenic alpha amino acid, one of the twenty that are deemed the building blocks of proteins. L-Aspartic Acid is considered non-essential, because the human body can produce it from the organic compound oxaloacetate through a process called transamination. Despite L-Aspartic Acid being classified as non-essential, it is available through dietary sources such as luncheon meats, wild game meat, sausage meat, oat flakes, avocadoes, asparagus and various sprouting seeds. L-Aspartic Acid is also playing a role in the removal of ammonia, but also as a precursor and in the production and synthesis of various biochemical compounds such as arginine, isoleucine, threonine, asparagine, lysine and some nucleotides. In recent years studies have revealed that L-Aspartic Acid seems to raise the body’s resistance to fatigue, thereby boosting endurance.

L-Glutamine- Found in plasma and muscles of the human body, L-Glutamine is an essential amino acid. In the skeletal muscle cells, more than 60% of free floating amino acid is made of L-Glutamine. It acts as the primary donor of nitrogen and moves in the body wherever required. This amino acid has been considered useful in reducing physical stress. During surgery or heavy exercise regime the human body needs it for maintaining the level of glutamine in muscles and blood. It is also essential for maintenance of immune system and prevention of intestinal stress. Glutamine supplements can help in restoring L-Glutamine levels during stress. L-Glutamine supplements are relatively less expensive and help in minimizing the breakdown of muscles. It also improves the metabolism of protein in the human body and ensures a positive balance of nitrogen.

L-Glycine- Glycine is an organic compound and one of the 20 amino acids deemed as building blocks for proteins. This proteinogenic amino acid is not only the smallest but also the only amino acid of the group that is not chiral, which means there is no enantiomer of glycine. With the prominent exception of collagen, which thirty five percent are glycine, most proteins contain only small amounts of it. As a solid, glycine is sweet tasting, crystalline and has no color. Despite being non-essential, because it can be biosynthesized from the amino acid serine, glycine has several important physiological functions, besides being a precursor to proteins. It is a biosynthetic intermediate of purines and the D-Aminolevulinic acid and it is an inhibitory neurotransmitter found in the central nervous system.

L-Histidine Monohydrochloride Monohydrate is a water soluble amino acid that is needed for the production of histamine, maintenance of a healthy heart and circulatory system, and improvement of the immune system against infections. However, the body cannot produce L-Histidine Monohydrochloride Monohydrate by itself. It can be found in meat, dairy products and fish in small amount, taking dietary supplement could prove to be beneficial. It helps produce enzymes that aid the digestive tract to maximize the release of nutrients and mineral from our food. It also helps in ensuring that the balance of minerals in the blood is of the right level. It also promotes energy and fights inflammation.

L-Isoleucine is one of the nine essential amino acids that is not produced in the body. It can be obtained from animal sources like liver, fish, eggs, chicken, meat and vegetable sources like rye, cashew nuts, almonds, lentils, chickpeas and soy proteins. The metabolism of L-Isoleucine takes place in muscle tissue. It is needed for the formation of hemoglobin and stabilizes and regulates blood sugar and energy levels. It is also known to increase endurance levels and helps in the recovery of muscles after exercise. It strengthens the immune system’s ability to fight off infections and increases the level of growth hormones and insulin to maintain the body’s balance. A deficiency leads to a number of physical and mental disorders with symptoms similar to hypoglycemia.

L-Leucine is an essential amino acid that works together with isoleucine and valine, forming the three branched chain amino acids (BCAA). Leucine is easily converted by to body to glucose, helping to regulate and maintain the blood sugar level. Leucine promotes muscle recovery, muscle repair and provides the body with energy. It also helps in burning fat that are least responsive to exercise and dieting. Leucine helps in toning the body and the muscles. Leucine prevents muscle loss by breaking down and converting to glucose, this prevents the body from breaking down muscle tissues to create energy, particularly during intense workouts and heavy weight lifting.

L-Lysine Monohydrochloride is formed by binding lysine to hydrochloric acid. Lysine is an essential amino aside that is required by the body to manufacture proteins. It is important for proper growth and plays an important part in the production of carnitine in the body. L-Lysine Monohydrochloride helps in converting fat into energy, enhances immune system, improves metabolism and promotes the secretion of various hormones such as growth hormone. L-Lysine Monohydrochloride promotes the growth of lean muscle tissues and weight loss because of the secretion of growth hormones. It also helps in controlling the acidity in the muscles, thus, improving the endurance.

L-Methionine is an essential amino acid, actually an alpha amino acid, furthermore classified as nonpolar. This proteinogenic amino acid is the only one, besides cysteine, which contains sulfur. Methionine serves as an intermediate of phospholipids, such as phosphatidylcholine, but also lecithin, taurine, carnitine and cysteine. If methionine cannot be properly synthesized, the condition can lead to atherosclerosis. While it must be supplied with diet, this amino acid is deemed a powerful antioxidant, believed to be a scavenger of free radicals, and may assist with the breakdown of fats. Sources of L-Methionine include poultry and related products, including eggs, but also other meats, such as beef, cheese and fish. Methionine adenosyltransferase is converting methionine to S-adenosylmethionine, SAM, which in turn is involved in the creation of creatine, epinephrine, melatonin and further substances.

L-Phenylalanine is a vital amino acid. It acts as a building block for various proteins produced in the body. It is found in most foods that contain protein, like poultry, beef, pork, milk, fish, yogurt, cheese, eggs, soy products, and certain nuts and seeds. It can assist in decreasing chronic pain linked with different health conditions by inducing nerve pathways in the brain which control pain. It can also help improve rigidity and is beneficial in conditions like walking disabilities, depression associated with Parkinson’s disease, and speech difficulties. Combination of L-Phenylalanine with ultraviolet radiation for people having vitiligo, a condition that is characterized by irregular depigmentation or white patches of skin, can lead to some darkening or repigmentation of whitened areas, especially on the face.

L-Proline is a proteinogenic alpha amino acid, one of only twenty amino acids that are DNA encoded for the forming of protein. It is not deemed essential because humans are able to synthesize it from the amino acid L-Glutamate. This unique member of the twenty protein building block amino acids is the only one of the group that is distinct as belonging to the secondary alpha amino group. L-Proline plays a role in the synthesis of collagen. Collagen is undeniably the most common protein in mammals, being found in skin, tendons, joints, ligaments, vasculature and bones. It is deemed good for the health of joints, when taken as a supplement. Low protein diets, vegetarian and vegan diets as well as malnutrition lead to diminished L-Proline levels.

L-Serine- Serine is an organic compound and a proteinogenic amino acid that is considered a building block for the creation of proteins. This member of the hydroxyl group and a polar amino acid is not essential and therefore it is not necessary to ingest it by means of diet. L-Serine can be synthesized from metabolites such as glycine. L-Serine plays a role in the biosynthesis of pyrimidines and purines, furthermore it is a precursor to many metabolites like sphingolipids and to amino acids like cysteine and glycine. It is also involved in catalytic functions of several enzymes. L-Serine can be transformed into D-Serine by the serine racemase, which functions as a neuronal signal and NMDA receptor activator in the brain, a vital glutamate receptor responsible for memory functions and synaptic plasticity.

L-Threonine optimizes the utilization of animals that you consume in order to deposit protein to the muscles and aides in weight gain.

L-Tyrosine is an amino acid taken to enhance the functions of the thyroid gland. It provides essential supplements to the body for fighting serious ailments. L-Tyrosine is a natural cure mainly for hypothyroidism and many other illnesses including protection of skin from the UV rays and depression. People suffering from hypothyroidism lack tyrosine and therefore do not respond to iodine supplements. Iodine supplements are of no use without tyrosine. Using L-tyrosine replaces vital amino acids which people having hypothyroidism lack. It produces thyroid hormones namely, norepinephrine, dopamine and epinephrine. L-tyrosine must be used by those who have a family history of under active thyroids and by those who have not got benefits from dieting efforts. L-tyrosine is taken in doses of 500mg 2 to 3 times everyday. People having high blood pressure must be cautious while taking this supplement.

L-Valine is an amino acid with stimulant activities. It not only helps in tissue repair but also promotes muscle growth. It is one of the three branched amino acids that are formulated for providing support to the human body for normal functioning. Derived from animal and vegetable protein, L-Valine is not only involved in the synthesis of protein and metabolism of glucose but it also regulates the immune system. L-Valine is also effective in maintaining the exercise recovery time and the balance of nitrogen in the body. Since the human body doesn’t produce this amino acid naturally, you need to acquire it through dietary supplements and food items. When taking L-Valine supplements, you must follow strict directions from the physician. Even though it doesn’t have any side effects, it helps to consult the physician before its usage.

Polysorbate 60 is derived from stearic acid from plants. It is commonly used as emulsifier, stabilizer and spreading agent in cosmetic, medicine, and food products. It has the capacity to make the ingredients become soluble. It acts as a surfactant that is created by the reaction of sorbitol with ethylene oxide and the fatty acids obtained from vegetable fats oils. It helps increase the product’s effectiveness. It is used in lotions, skin cleansing products, makeup bases, foundation, and other skin care products to make the essential oils become soluble in water-based products. It is also used in hair products because it helps prevent hair loss.

Propylparaben is derived from para-aminobenzoic acid that belongs in the paraben family. It occurs naturally in plants and insects. It is commonly used in pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetics. It functions as a preservative for most water-based cosmetics, lotions, shampoos, creams, moisturizers, sunscreens, mascara, foundation, eye shadows, lipsticks, and other bath products. It contains antifungal and antimicrobial properties because of its benzoic acid content. It is the chosen preservatives particularly with cosmetics. Use of Propylparaben is safe; however, problem sometimes arises when multiple types of parabens are used. There is also a recommended amount with regards to how much Propylparaben can be used in a product.

Stearic Acid is a saturated fatty acid that occurs in many animal and vegetable fats and oils. Stearic acid is useful as an ingredient in making candles, soaps, plastics, oil pastels and cosmetics, and for softening rubber. Stearic acid is used to harden soaps, particularly those made with vegetable oil. Even though stearic acid is a saturated fat, studies have suggested that it has little effect on blood cholesterol levels, because such a high proportion is converted to oleic acid.